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Steve Shackleford

Hidden Blood Bladders? The Knives of “The Last of the Mohicans”

tomahawks knives of the last of the mohicans
The February 1993 issue of BLADE magazine.

Editor’s note: The following appeared in the February 1993 issue of BLADE magazine. You can read more from BLADE‘s extensive archive here.

Knifemakers keep the candle lit for traditions going back generations. It’s no wonder Hollywood would turn to these keepers of history when making movies set in centuries past. 

Winkler: It Started with a Casting Call

custom knives action moviesKnifemakers Daniel Winkler and Randall King capitalized on being at the right place at the right time to make the knives for 1992’s box-office hit, The Last of the Mohicans.

Winkler, who lives in Boone, North Carolina, (the movie was filmed in the nearby North Carolina mountains) read about a casting call for the movie in a local newspaper. A maker of period pieces for and a participant in mountain man rendezvous, Winkler and his knives would seem a good match for the movie’s mid-18th century time frame, but not even he and his business associate, Karen Shook, could have foreseen the good fortune that would befall them when they met with movie prop master Ron Downing.

Movie knives of The Last of the Mohicans
Hawkeye (Daniel Day-Lewis) carries the knife Winkler made in this scene from “The Last of the Mohicans.” (Image via imdb.com)

“Karen and I introduced ourselves to Downing’s secretary and got a map to his office,” Winkler recalled. “We spoke with Downing and he told us he had a meeting that night with the movie’s director, Michael Mann, at which time he was supposed to show Mann the knives that were to be used in the movie.

“But Downing didn’t have any knives! Karen and I ‘happened’ to have a suitcase full of knives and Downing asked if we would stay for the meeting with Mann. Though no specific knives were agreed upon at the meeting, they decided our knives were appropriate and gave them some idea of what they wanted.”

Designing, and Re-Designing, the Knives

Blades The Last of the Mohicans
The knife Hawkeye (Daniel Day-Lewis) carries is shown above. Made by Daniel Winkler, the piece is 11 inches long overall. The blade is forged from L6, a steel Winkler said he chose to show “the right-age patina “for the French and Indian War time period. He said the blade design is not an exact straight edge because of its slight upswept tip. The handle is deer leg bone wrapped in rawhide and red and green bands, also inspired by handles from the mid-18th century.

From there, Winkler learned just how tough a job he had taken on. He met with production officials to decide on a specific knife design. From that design Winkler made a knife and brought it to the next production meeting, where movie officials suggested more changes.

“I went to six weeks of meetings and they’d change the knife at every meeting. They continually changed the design until the final knives were an evolution of changes,” Winkler said.
Once the final designs were agreed upon, he had to make three of each knife in case any one was damaged or lost, all of which had to look alike.

“It was difficult to get the same shape bone for each handle,” he noted.

The knife can be seen in the first few seconds of this video clip:

Winkler made the knives for Hawkeye (Daniel Day-Lewis) and his adopted brother, Uncas (Eric Schweig), and the tomahawk for the movie’s villain, Magua (Wes Studi). Magua’s tomahawk was one piece Winkler didn’t have to change. It gets the best close-up shot of any of the movie’s edged pieces early on when Magua attacks one of the English soldiers escorting Cora (Madeleine Stowe) and Alice (Jodhi May) Munro to see their father. Winkler said it was copied from a design on display in a French and Indian War museum in New York.

“(The movie officials) didn’t change the reproduction I made,” Winkler said. “When they got it, they liked it.”

King: It Started with Breakfast

King can thank his father for his opportunity to make the movie knives.

“Jim Morgan, the assistant prop master, ate breakfast where my Dad does every morning,” said King, who lives in Asheville, North Carolina, also near where the movie was filmed. “They got to talking and Dad said I made knives they could use in the movie. Jim said to send me down.”

The next thing King knew, he was making movie knives.

Hiding “Blood Bladders” Inside Knife Handles

bad guys knife the last of the mohicans
Randall King made Chingachgook’s English dagger from a design by movie prop master Ron Downing. Like all of the knives made for the movie’s stars, King had to make two duplicates in case any of the knives were damaged or lost. To duplicate the stag handle, King sawed a piece off a moose antler 2 inches in diameter, sanded it down to the same shape as the original, and cut the same “character lines” in the stag with a Dremel tool. Finally, he burned the slabs in places for the brownish stag effect.

The knife King made for Chingachgook (played by Russell Means) is a combination of two knives-an English dagger blade with a handle designed by Downing. Like Winkler, King had to make several copies of the knives.

“Do you know how hard it is to duplicate a piece of stag? I took a moose antler and sawed a piece from it about 2 inches in diameter,” he explained. “I sanded it down to the same shape as the original and took a Dremel tool to cut the lines in it and then burned it in places for the stag effect.”

King also had to duplicate the carved bear-head handle of Magua’s knife, and made two special effects knives for Magua with removable handles that hid “blood bladders,” which squirted fake blood when squeezed for the movie’s action scenes. King also made the knives and sheaths for the movie’s extras.

Winkler said the huge gunstock war club that Chingachgook cames in the movie, as well as the other tomahawks used by movie extras, were made by in-house prop people. A lot of the tomahawks were based on authentic designs illustrated in blackpowder catalogs, he noted.

tomahawks of the last of the mohicans
Magua’s tomahawk gets probably the best exposure of any edged piece in the movie early on (Magua is at bottom, played by Wes Studi). Daniel Winkler carved the handle from hickory and hand forged the head from L6 steel. He reproduced it from an authentic piece provided by Ft. Meigs, a restored fort from the French and Indian War period located in upstate New York. (Magua picture courtesy Twentieth Century Fox)

Working with the Stars

read knife magazine
Read more articles from BLADE’s archives with this collection of 25 years of back issues.

Both makers said they got to meet the stars and were impressed with how cordial they were, King even to the point of having his picture made with Studi and Day-Lewis.

Though neither maker “got rich” from the money they made-King used the proceeds to make himself a new knife shop-both viewed the experience as educational.

“Working on a movie production is not something I would want to do very often,” Winkler admitted. “It was fun but it took a tremendous amount of time. They wanted everything right away. I had to put off some of my custom orders and missed some knife shows to meet their deadlines, and a lot of what I did for them was put on the shelf. We (knifemakers) are suppliers, not actors.”

The makers may not be actors but, in a way, the knives and tomahawk were. And if the past is prologue-as with the Rambo knives that helped boost the knifemaking fortunes of Gil Hibben and the late Jimmy Lile-Winkler and King may reap even more benefit to their knifemaking careers from the pieces for The Last Of The Mohicans.

Queen Cutlery Co. Ceases Production, Reorganizes

Queen Cutlery Company bankrupt
The #3EXP Mountain Man Express lever-lock pocketknife is one of Queen’s most recent models. The 3.75-inch blade is 1095 carbon steel. MSRP: $350.

Queen Cutlery Co. has been forced to cease all production and close its facility in Titusville, Pennsylvania, as of today, Jan. 10, according to a Queen press release.

Kenneth Daniels, chief executive officer and president of Queen, cited issues with cash flow as the cause of the cessation of the company’s knife production. He added that all Queen employees will be furloughed while the company goes through a period of reorganization.

Queen Cutlery knife company
The announcement posted on Queen’s website.

According to Queen’s Ryan Daniels, more information concerning Queen’s future will be released in February.

Queen made knives under the Schatt & Morgan and Schatt & Morgan Express lines, as well as the private label lines of Queen Classics, Schatt & Morgan Premier, Tuna Valley Cutlery Co., Cougar Creek Knives and Trestle Pine Knives.

Queen traces its roots back to the old New York Cutlery Co. (Schatt & Morgan), which moved from Gowanda, New York, to Titusville in 1902. The company incorporated as Schatt & Morgan Cutlery Co., Inc., and began cutlery production in January 1903. The Schatt & Morgan knives were made until 1931.

Then known as Queen City, Queen had a number of contracts with the government during World War II and also supplied other cutlery companies in their war effort. Queen City supplied product to the Jersey City Depot from May 1944 through October 1954. In addition, Queen City furnished knives for Williams Brothers Cutlery in California from Nov. 18, 1942, to December 1945.

In 1991, Queen started re-issuing the Schatt & Morgan knives, a Robeson Series in 1995, and a “File & Wire” series in 1998.

Kenneth Daniels bought Queen in 2012 and Queen had been specializing in a wide range of traditional pocketknives since then.

Choppin’ the Charts: Collectible Cleavers

Luxury cleavers
Designed by Leo Espinoza, the El Chappo cleaver from TOPS Knives features a 6-inch blade of 1095 carbon steel in an acid-rain finish.

If you want a handy outdoor blade for camp chores, skinning or a compact tool with enhanced chopping power, check out today’s ever-growing cache of cleavers.

Designed by Leo Espinoza, the El Chappo cleaver from TOPS Knives (above) features a 6-inch blade of 1095 carbon steel in an acid-rain finish. Rockwell hardness: 56-58 HRC. Handle: black canvas Micarta. Weight: 16 ounces. Overall length: 10.9 inches. Sheath: black Kydex.

High end cleaver
White River Knife & Tool is the latest outfit to join the chop party with its new Clever Camp Cleaver.

White River Knife & Tool is the latest cutlery company to join the party with its new Clever Camp Cleaver. Featuring a 5.5-inch blade of premium CPM S35VN stainless steel, the camp tool comes with a Micarta handle and a heavy-duty leather sheath. Weight: 9.2 ounces. Overall length: 10.25 inches. MSRP: $230.

ESEE chopper
The CL1-Cleaver is one of the latest models in ESEE’s Expat Knives line. The 1095 carbon steel blade is 3.25 inches at its widest and 3/16 inch at its thickest.

The CL1-Cleaver is one of the latest models in ESEE’s Expat Knives line. The 1095 carbon steel blade is 3.25 inches at its widest and 3/16 inch at its thickest. Haft: black G-10. Finish: black oxide, tumbled. Weight: 25.5 ounces. Overall length: 11.5 inches. MSRP: $276.50 (includes a leather sheath).

Zombie butcher knife
The Reaver Cleaver from Zombie Tools is a full-tang chopping machine with an 18-inch blade of 5160 carbon steel in a Rockwell hardness of 55 HRC.

The Reaver Cleaver from Zombie Tools is a full-tang chopping machine with an 18-inch blade of 5160 carbon steel in a Rockwell hardness of 55 HRC. Weight: 3 pounds, 10 ounces. Overall length: 31 inches. MSRP: $374.95.

kutzu cleaver
The Quest Custom Knives Custom Kutzu 2.2 Flipper is a micro-cleaver flipper folder with a 2-inch blade of CPM 154 stainless steel.

The Quest Custom Knives Custom Kutzu 2.2 Flipper is a micro-cleaver flipper folder with a 2-inch blade of CPM 154 stainless steel and a sculpted titanium 6Al-4V frame and pocket clip. Closed length: 3 inches.

Trench knife butcher knife
Michael Zieba’s cleaver sports the iconic brass-knuckle-guard handle taken from an original example of one of the most famous blades of World War I—the Trench Knife. (SharpByCoop image)
book on how to make a knife
Learn how to make knives with Murray Carter with this terrific knifemaking book. Only $7!

Michael Zieba’s cleaver sports the iconic brass-knuckle-guard handle taken from an original example one of the most famous blades of World War I—the Trench Knife. Zieba custom made the cleaver for Chris Wallace, aka “Flavor God,” a maker of seasonings who is big on the Internet. Zieba met Wallace on Instagram. Wallace supplied him with the original U.S. Mark 1 Trench Knife from his knife collection.

Zieba modified the knife’s iconic handle and integrated it into the cleaver blade, which is 52100 ball-bearing steel forged in a san-mai construction. He achieved the blue and gold patina with water and vinegar. “Sometimes you get blue or you may get another color. It depends,” he said. “You never know how it will come out. It’s just a reaction to the metal.”

The cleaver is one solid piece with a skull-crusher pommel. The square holes in the blade are for aesthetics. Zieba has done the blades with egg-shaped and round holes as well.

 

8 Stone- and Fossil-Handled Knives for “Old Rock Day”

Stone handle knife photo
Brilliant red jasper caps off the grip of Bill Duff’s miniature dagger. (Caleb Royer image)

One of the better ways to celebrate Old Rock Day (you do celebrate, don’t you?) is with a custom knife sporting a handle of anything stony or fossilized.

What is Old Rock Day?

Celebrated on Jan. 7, Old Rock Day salutes rocks of all kinds. In some locales, children are encouraged to discover their first “pet rock,” and festivities may include painting and decorating the “faces” of rocks. Some gather attractive pebbles and stones to make original pieces of jewelry. Some build rock gardens, and some towns and villages hold competitions for the best-looking rock garden.

BLADE has You Covered on Old Rock Day

To avoid getting your Old Rock Day off to a rocky start, we recommend you check out some stone-cool knife handles made of rocks and fossilized materials. You may not get your rocks off, but, if you love knives like we do, you will most definitely rock on.

Rare gemstone handle knife
Jerry McClure outfits his Little Mama Folder with a handle of green nephrite jade. (Caleb Royer image)
Ivory handle knife photo
Mastodon ivory comprises the grip of a Tony Hughes bowie in a 9.5-inch blade of Turkish twist damascus. (Caleb Royer image)
Mammoth ivory handle knife
Bruce Bingenheimer’s BingaLor folders have handles of mammoth ivory. (Caleb Royer image)
Example of custom dagger photo
Sodalite stone caps off Bertie Rietveld’s Pinnacle dagger in nebula damascus. (SharpByCoop image)
Titanium knife photo
The Protégé by Johnny Stout boasts mammoth ivory scales and fileworked titanium liners. (Caleb Royer image)
Walrus ivory handle knife photo
Ancient walrus ivory in a forged integral frame rocks the Slim Bad Fighter by David Lisch. (Caleb Royer image)
Custom knife photo
Don Hanson opts for fossil ivory on his clip-point bowie with handsome hamon. (Caleb Royer image)

See More Beautiful Knife Photos

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Four Things You Didn’t Know About Rambo

“First Blood” is a Dueling Term

David Morrell, author of the novel First Blood, based the book’s title on an old dueling term.

“I thought of it as a kind of duel between the characters, and there’s a dueling term about drawing first blood,” he explained. “In some duels the person who drew first blood would be the victor, so there was a kind of irony here of who drew first blood and who was going to win in this harrowing conflict.”

Rambo is More Canadian than American

first-blood-forest-knife
Though set in Kentucky in the novel First Blood, the movie’s locale was supposedly in the American Pacific Northwest. Actual filming was done in British Columbia. (image via imdb.com)

Born in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada, Morrell today is an American citizen.

The setting he chose for the novel, First Blood, was a wilderness area in Kentucky called the Grand Canyon of the East. However, Carolco, the production company that made the First Blood movie, wanted to do the flick in British Columbia, partly for financial reasons.

Meanwhile, for the purposes of the film, the locale would be identified as the American Pacific Northwest.

“It’s ironic that a Canadian created one of the most recognizable American icons,” Morrell noted. “It’s doubly ironic that the movie adaptation of First Blood was filmed in Canada’s British Columbia, even though my novel is set in Kentucky.”

Uncle Sam Makes an Appearance

Rambo Uncle Sam
The First Blood character of Col. Sam Troutman, played by Richard Crenna in the movie, was inspired by an American icon. Can you guess which one? (image via imdb.com)

Morrell gave Col. Sam Troutman, played by Richard Crenna, the name Sam because he represents Uncle Sam. As Morrell noted, “I saw him as the system that had created Rambo.”

You Only Got Half the Story

cover of rambo book first blood
The original cover for “First Blood.”

Originally, First Blood was about 600 pages long. Morrell didn’t like it and so went back and started reading it again. He found a chapter he didn’t like and deleted it. He read the book again and found it moved faster as a result of the deletion.

“I had digressions for one of the deputies, and the man who flew the helicopter and so many different viewpoints in it that I began cutting this chapter and that chapter and found that all I had to do was have the alternating sections between Rambo and the police chief,” he said. “So I probably lost about 300 pages doing this. It was like sculpting, knocking bits of granite off to create a statue. I had written and written so much that I learned that by cutting back I got an intensity that I hadn’t expected. So it was a big lesson for me.”

The Lost Rambo Knife You Never Knew About

If there’s such a thing as the “lost knife of Rambo” it’s the model known as the “Rescue Mission Knife” from Rambo III.

“I think the Rescue knife is important not only because it was a mistake/blooper, but because it has been a topic among die-hard Rambo knife collectors for almost 30 years,” noted Linda Hibben, wife of the knife’s maker, BLADE Magazine Cutlery Hall-Of-Fame© member Gil Hibben. “Even David Morrell [author of the original Rambo book, First Blood] has been intrigued by the appearance and story behind how this knife designed and made by Gil on a moment’s notice ‘accidentally’ appeared in the film.”

Rambo 3 Minefield scene
The minefield scene for Rambo III already had been filmed with Gil Hibben’s Rescue Mission Knife before Stallone decided to go with Hibben’s Rambo III bowie as the movie’s featured knife instead. (©1987 Carolco All Rights Reserved)
Rare Rambo knife
The Rescue Mission Knife had sawteeth on the spine and a hollow handle a la Jimmy Lile’s original Rambo knife from First Blood. (©1987 Carolco All Rights Reserved)

Rambo III was the first Rambo movie for which Gil Hibben made knives, taking over from Cutlery Hall-Of-Famer Jimmy Lile, who made the knives for the first two Rambo films. When Stallone contacted Hibben about doing the knife for the third film, Hibben made a prototype hollow-handle survival knife with sawteeth on the spine.

However, Stallone decided he wanted something different and opted for another of Hibben’s designs, the now famous Rambo III bowie. However, the minefield scenes for the third movie already had been filmed with Stallone using the first design, the knife known as the Rescue Mission Knife.

On the 25th anniversary of Rambo III, Hibben teamed with award-winning knifemaker Vaughn Neeley to fashion a limited edition of 100 specially marked, mirror-polished and serial-numbered 25th anniversary Rescue Mission knives. Go here for more information.

Gil Hibben Rambo Mission Knife
Instead of the Rescue Mission Knife, Stallone opted for Gil Hibben’s Rambo III bowie (shown here) as the featured knife for the third film. Stallone had more input on the design of the bowie, including the long cutout in the blade. (Kris Kandler image)

Make Your Mark in Knife History

 

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Make It Crude: How Gil Hibben Created the Rambo IV Knife

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Who made the knife that was in Rambo IV?

Editor’s Note: This article originally appeared in the February 2008 issue of BLADE magazine, which you can download here.

Over a quarter century after John Rambo burst onto the big screen and changed cutlery history forever, it is near time for the character created by author David Morrell to cut a worldwide cinematic swath with his indomitable knife once again.

As BLADE® was going to press, the fourth installment of the Rambo movie series, Rambo (aka Rambo IV) a Lionsgate film, was due to be released at movie theaters on Jan. 25, 2008. Sylvester Stallone wrote the screenplay, directs and stars in the movie that finds Rambo living a secluded life working as a snake catcher in Thailand some 26 years after Rambo first appeared in First Blood.

Rambo Knives: A Brief History

Knife used in last Rambo movie
An isolated shot of the “J.R.,” the knife designed by Gil Hibben for the fourth Rambo film.

The Rambo blades have certainly made their mark in the world of knives. For the first two Rambo movies, First Blood (1982) and Rambo: First Blood Part II (1985), the legendary “Arkansas Knifesmith,” Blade Magazine Cutlery Hall-Of-Famer© Jimmy Lile, created the knives.

For Rambo III (1987), Stallone called on Cutlery Hall-Of-Fame knifemaker Gil Hibben to create the knife.

A Series of False Starts

For Rambo, Stallone once again called Hibben to help create a new knife for the movie. Stallone had a basic idea of what he needed and the knife was written into the script as an integral part of the movie. Hibben made at least five prototype versions of the piece before finally arriving at the design that will be used in the film.

In October 2006, Hibben began designing the knife. At first, the blade exhibited characteristics of the Rambo III model.

rambo 4 knife
Hibben designs the knife in his shop in LaGrange, Kentucky. (photo by the author)

“My first one had a slot in the blade [as in the Rambo III knife] but in a machete or old Chinese sword design,” Hibben recalled. He also made a modified version in which he removed the top lug of the guard.

Stallone reportedly liked the blade design but said it was “too perfect.” He wanted something much more crude looking, as if it had been pounded out quickly from the limited resources Rambo has at his disposal in the movie.

It was back to the drawing board for Hibben.

“The blade size was originally 10 inches and Sly faxed me some pictures of some of the knives he’d seen from the cutting competitions,” the Cutlery Hall-Of-Famer explained. “He liked that style, so I made one up. It evolved from a 10-inch blade to a 12-inch one. It evolved from several sizes and shapes until I got what he liked.”

To make it authentic, Hibben forged the next few prototypes from pieces of a truck leaf spring. Since there was agreement on the basic blade design, next came the question of the handle and finish of the knife.

Hibben thought about what materials might be available to the character in the movie. He considered leather, wood, paracord, tape and even seat-belt webbing for use on the handle. The second prototype had a wooden grip wrapped in green paracord and an enclosed sheath. Hibben also made a third prototype with a leather-wrapped handle.

Again, the studio said it needed something more crude looking.

There’s Crude, and then There’s CRUDE

Sylvester Stallone knife collector
Sylvester Stallone, seen here playing John Rambo in the fourth movie in the franchise, holds Hibben’s final version. (photo by Karen Ballard from Rambo®, a Lionsgate film)

Prototype number four was a very simple design with a cord-wrapped handle. Hibben made one with green cord and one with black cord. It was close to being right, but the finish was still too slick to have been quickly forged as it is in the script.

Finally, Hibben decided that, considering John Rambo’s skills and experience and the materials that the title character would have available, the knife would have a cord-wrapped handle, perhaps covered with tape for additional grip. The blade would be marked with depressions from the hammer blows from being forged quickly without time or resources to put a fine finish on the blade.

“So I took it out of the heat treat and beat the heck out of it,” Hibben recalled. “I really made it look like Sly made it.”

Following the Rambo knife tradition, it would be a large, heavy blade with a thick spine. Assuming that Rambo would not have time or materials to make a new sheath but would still have the sheath from his previous knife, he opts to cut the end of the old Rambo III sheath to accommodate the larger blade and broader tip of the new knife. This is the knife and sheath in Rambo.

Rambo IV Knife Specs

Knife used in fourth Rambo movie
The final version, the “J.R.,” appeared on the cover of the February 2008 issue of BLADE. Click to download the issue.

The 12-inch blade is forged from a 3-inch piece of quarter-inch-thick D2 tool steel. As you might imagine, such a knife is somewhat heavy—2 pounds worth—so Hibben made some lightweight aluminum versions for Stallone to use when need be for safety’s sake during filming.

Since the movie was shot in the corrosion-inducing environs of the jungle, Hibben said he put Renaissance Wax on the non-stainless D2 to protect the blade from rust.

“There was a lot of rain there,” he noted. “Luckily they got out before the monsoons hit.”

The cord-wrapped handle is covered with black tape for additional grip. Eighteen inches overall, the knife comes in the modified Rambo III sheath.

Collector Pricing Reference

At press time (in 2008), Hibben was offering a handmade version of the knife in all the original materials—though with nicer sheaths—for $1,250. It is called the “J.R.” There will be 100 in all, with 25 of them already having been sold.

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